Discourse Analysis Sample - Novel

Discourse Analysis Novel

Title                  : To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before

Author             : Jenny Han

Genre               : Young Adult Romance

Date Released : April 15, 2014

Main Leads     : Lara Jean & Peter Kavinsky

Other Leads    :
1. Margot Song Covey (Lara Jean's older sister)
2. Josh Sanderson (Margot's boyfriend, One of boys Lara Jean ever loved)
3. Katherine Song Covey / Kitty (Lara Jean's younger sister)
4. Chris (Lara Jean's bestfriend)
5. Genevieve (Lara Jean's ex-bestfriend / Peter Kavinsky's ex-girlfriend)
6. Dr. Song (Lara Jean’s Father)
7. John Ambrose McClaren (One of boys Lara Jean ever loved)
8. Emily Nussbaum (Genevieve's bestfriend)
9. Lucas Krapf (One of boys Lara Jean ever loved)
10. Mrs. Kavinsky (Peter's Mother)
11. Owen Kavinsky (Peter's younger brother)
12. Ms. Rostchild (Lara Jean's neighboor)
13. Kenny (One of boys Lara Jean ever loved)

Analysis of the main character (Lara Jean Song Covey) :
Lara Jean is an invisible, aka : Relatable teenager.
So typical teen Lara Jean writes love letters which she never sends to her crushes, in order to get over them.
"If love is like a possession, maybe my letter are like my exorcisms."
One day, all her love letters are accidentally sent to the five boys Lara Jean ever loved. Then, the invisible girl is forced out of her shell, when popular cool boy in her school asks her to be his fake girlfriend in order to make his ex jealous. An interesting thing here is that, the popular boy is one of the boys Lara Jean loved and he gets her love letter as well.
Things are even more complicated, since she has a major crush on Margot's boyfriend, Josh. Josh was Lara Jean's first love.

Lara Jean, whose mother passed away when she was a kid, used to have strong relationship with her two sisters and her father. Her father, who loves his three daughters, never think to marry another woman.

When a maxim of conversation is flouted, it gets the listener to infer something that is meant but not said. It is called as a conversational implicature.

There are 4 maxims :

A.    Maxim of Quality

è Be truthful.

B.     Maxim of Quantity

è Do not say any more or less than necessary.

C.    Maxim of Relevance/Relation

è Make your contribution relevant.

D.    Maxim  of Manner

è Be orderly.

F Examples :

1.      Chapter 3 (Page 14)

Lara Jean                     : “You won’t have another one of these until Thanksgiving.”

Margot                         : “Christmas”

Maxim Violated         : Quantity

Implicature                 : Margot says less than necessary. She actually means to correct

Lara that she will not come home till Christmas, not      

Thanksgiving.

2.      Chapter 4 (Page 18)

Lara Jean                     : “She’s still really sad about it.”

Chris                           : “Margot? Sad? Margot doesn’t have a normal human

  emotions like the rest of us.”

            Maxim violated           : Quality

            Implicature                 : Chris should not be sarcastic since all human must

  have her/his own emotions, so does Margot.

3.      Chapter 8 (Page  39)

Lara Jean                     : “Margot’s not going to find out, so don’t you say a word!”

Josh                              : “When would I even talk to her? We’re broken up,

   remember?”

            Maxim violated         : Quantity

            Implicature                 : Josh replies more than required. Lara does not expect to hear

  that Josh and Margot are broken up already. Therefore, he

  could have just said yes or no and mean it.

4.      Chapter 20 (Page 87)

Josh                             : “Who’s the guy?”

Lara Jean                    : “What guy?”

Josh                             : “The guy you’re dating.”

Lara Jean                    : “Peter Kavinsky. Peter Kavinsky! I’ve gotta go! Talk later,

  Josh!”

            Maxim violated         : Relation

            Implicature                 : Lara Jean’s trying to get out of the conversation. She tries to

  escape from the topic now that her answer is a lie.

5.      Chapter 24 (Page 108)

Lara Jean                     : “Why did you tell Josh we were together?”

Peter                            : “I don’t get what you’re so upset about. I did you a favor.

                                      I could have just as easily blown up your spot.”

Lara  Jean                    : “So why didn’t you?”

Peter                            : “You’ve sure got a funny way of saying thank you. You’re

                                      Welcome, by the way.”

Lara Jean                     : “Thank you. I appreciate you letting me kiss you, but-“

Peter                            : “You’re welcome.”

Lara Jean                     : “That was . . . really generous of you. To let me do that. But

                                      I’ve already explained Josh that it’s not going to work out

                                      with us Genevieve has you whipped, so it’s all good. You can

                                      pretending now.”

Peter                            : “I’m not whipped.”

Lara Jean                     : “But aren’t you, though? I mean, you guys have been

                                      together since the seventh grade. You’re basically her

                                      property.”

Lara Jean                     : “You don’t know what you’re talking about.”

Maxim violated         : Manner

Implicature                 : Peter is not sure where Lara Jean would bring the

  conversation to. She makes the topic jump from one to

  another without even caring about if Peter gets what she is

  talking about orderly.

6.      Chapter 38 (Page 192)

Peter                            : “How come you never dated anybody?”

Lara Jean                     : “I don’t know . . . because nobody never asked?”

Peter                            : “Bullshit. I know for a fact that Martinez asked you to

                                      Homecoming and you said no.”

Lara Jean                     : “What is it with you guys all calling each other by your last

                                      Name? It’s so- Effected? Affected?”

Maxim violated          : Relation

Implicature                 : Lara Jean try to change the subject/topic since she does not

                                      want to explain futher to Peter regarding why she never

  dated anybody.

7.      Chapter 40 (Page 212)

Lara Jean                     : “Well, do you miss him?”

Peter                            : “Who?”

Lara Jean                     : “Your dad!”

Peter                            : “Oh. I don’t know. I think it’s more that I miss how it used to

  be with us. Him and my mom and me and Owen. We were

  like a team. He used to come to every lacrosse game. He just .

  . . took care of things.”

            Maxim violated         : Quantity

            Implicature                 : Lara Jean expects Peter would answer her question by saying

                                                  yes or no. She does not even expect Peter will illustrate how

                                                  happy his family was back then before his parents divorce.

Summary of Introducing Morphology by Rochelle Lieber (in the form of infographic)

Table of Complementizer, Specifier, and Adjunct in English Syntax and Argumentation

Kumpulan Puisi Jaman Now

【1】Bayanganmu

Aku pernah berpikir untuk melupakanmu

Pikiran itu muncul begitu saja diantara pikiran lain yang juga tentangmu

Bahkan hanya sekedar berpikir tentang melupakanmu,

Terasa seperti berjalan diatas rumput berduri

Oleh sebab itu aku tak mampu melakukannya

Aku tak bisa lebih menyakiti diriku sendiri

Aku telah cukup menyakiti diriku sejak aku memutuskan untuk mulai menyukaimu

Sejak saat itu, aku tak lagi mampu menciptakan kenangan bahagia

Hidupku penuh dengan kenangan perih

Tapi apa kau tau?

Tidak ada penyesalan ketika aku memilihmu menjadi seseorang yang kusukai dalam hidupku

Jikapun ada satu hal yang harus kusesali,

Itu adalah bagian dimana aku memulai sesuatu yang aku tak tau kapan berakhir dan bagaimana cara mengakhirinya.

【2】Payung cinta

Buat aku mengerti siapa aku bagimu

Rintik hujan yang turun tidak pernah berdusta

Sejak tetesnya awal hingga akhir,

Tujuan hanyalah satu

Tuk basahi bumi

Jadikan aku tujuanmu

Tujulah aku apabila kau bak awan yang hendak menumpahkan hujan

Sandarkanlah keluhmu

Ceritakanlah kesahmu

Jangan biarkan langit kelabu gelayuti langkahmu

Jikalau petir dan angin coba mendera

Datanglah padaku tuk payungimu

Pintalah aku tuk jadi mantelmu

Kuatlah engkau!

Agar aku selalu mampu menguatkanmu

【3】Surgaku

Senyap nan sunyi di malam kelabuKutatap kilau berwarna abu

Tiada guna semangat menggebu

Bila tak ada sosok sang ibu

Ragaku tak henti bertempur

Seraya jiwa semakin terkubur

Hidup pahit tak terukur

Hampa nuansa tanpa pelipur

Ibu...

Wahai pengganti surya dikala senja

Tak tercela hanyalah patut dipuja

Hapuskan hari bermuram durja

Tekad dan usaha sekokoh baja

【4】 Priaku

Hadirmu adalah terkabulnya doaku

Bayangmu mengisi mimpi dan nyataku

Senyummu melukis warna di hari kelamku

Tatapmu menenangkan hati gelisahku

Bertemu denganmu,

Mengenal dirimu,

Dicintai olehmu,

Dan bahagia bersamamu

Kau beri aku seribu cinta

Kau bagi aku sejuta sayang

Tetaplah menatap kedepan

Rajutlah kemilau harapan

Gapailah bintang bertaburan

Ciptakanlah kenangan berkesan

Sayang, jangan pernah takut sendirian

Ku temani kau tuk sampai ke ujung jalan

Samples of Persuassive Speech

Halo semua!Sedang mencari contoh-contoh pidato persuasif dalam bahasa inggris untuk tugas sekolah atau kampus kalian???Ini dia aku kasih 2 contoh pidato yang aku buat sendiri..

Hi there!
Looking for samples of persuassive speech?
Here you are.

(1)  Create the World Peace

Good afternoon, people!

First of all, I would like to say my gratitude to our God who has given us his bless so that we can get together in this place today. It is my great pleasure and privilege to extend a warm welcome to the respected Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mr. Antonio Guterres, and the respected representative of United Nations, Mr. Ban Ki Moon. We are also glad to have the respected President and Vice President of Republic of Indonesia, Mr. Jokowi Dodo and Mr. Jusuf Kalla. Welcome to all commitees, participants and society who have been involving in this precious occasion.

Considering that today is the 21th day of September, in which the International Day of Peace, I am going to give you some talk over the most prominent issue, which is World Peace. By bringing up the topic about peace, I am not going to pretend as if I am an expert regarding peace because here and now, I am merely a student of university who is given a very valuable opportunity to deliver a speech related to World Peace.

According to Cambrigde Dictionary, peace is a freedom from war and violance, especially when people live together without disagreements. Neverthless, if we see the situation now, war is happening everywhere. Even many people who are being the victims of war and violance think that expecting a peace means wishing for a falling star. For instances, those people who live in Israel and Palestine, Soviet Union and Afghanistan, also the ethnic Rohingya in Myanmar. Right after that, will we reflect that realizing the world peace as what is stated in our national constitution, UUD 1945 is not easy as it seems? It is absolutely not easy, if we do it alone. But, when we all work together, start from a very small scope, to create peace is certainly possible. There is an old quotation said that “Once peace is dwelling in a family, everything goes right.” Behind that quotation, we may conclude that if we have had peace in a small scope such as in family or even in ourselves, our heart , it means we have conducted a foundation in order to realize peace in wider scope.

Then there must be a question concerning about how to have a peace in ourselves specifically in our heart. I have my own way to create a peace in myself that is by delivering sincere smile. It is very easy, not complicated and no need to cost money for sure. Why does smiling may affect the World Peace? Isn’t it exaggerated? Exactly no. Because smiling is contagious so it is easy to spread. If we spread a flu virus to others, then that person will be infected by flu virus as well. But instead of disscussinng further about spreading flu virus, it is better to spread a smile, therefore we have spreaded out what people call by peace. Now, let us think, how could a war happen if everyone is smiling? It is neither a fake nor an arrrogant smile shown by antagonist actors and actreeses on television. But it is a sincere smile that comes from the deepest of our heart.

In brief, we all can give a little contribution for the United Nations as well as help to realize our national constitution’s goal in realizing the World Peace by simply keep spreading a sincere smile. So, I am inviting you to be aware of World Peace issue. Because peace is everyone’s right. We have to belive that we can make a peace come true as long as we do it together. Now, I would like you to smile, and give your sweetest smile to people who sit beside you. Let us begin!

Since my watch says that it is time to end my talk, let me close it by delivering a lot of thanks to all of you here. I do apologize for the mistake I made while giving my talk. 

Thank you. Good Afternoon. Have a great day ahead!

                                                                              - End-

(2) Let us reduce the Global Warming effect

Good Morning, people!

First of all, I would like to say my gratitude to God who has given us his bless so that we can get together in this place today. It gives me a great pleasure and privilege to extend a warm welcome to the respected President and Vice President of Republic of Indonesia, Mr. Joko Widodo and Mr. Jusuf Kala. We are also glad to have the respected Minister of Environment and Forestry, Mrs. Siti Nurbaya Bakar, and welcome to all participants and society who have been involving in this precious occasion.

Considering that today is the tenth day of January, which is the day of millions tree, I am going to talk over the most prominent environmental issue, global warming. I do believe that everyone here has known about what global warming is. So, instead of asking you the definition of global warming, I want to ask how often do you feel the effects of global warming itself? Day by day, we are feeling great changes in the atmosphere and climate of the earth. Actually global warming is a global increase in the temperature of the earth because of our some daily activities. Our various activities heat up the earth which ultimately rises its temperature. There are many reasons for the increasing global warming. However, some of the primary and main causes are considered because of the Green House Effect. What is the greenhouse effect? Some of the gases in the atmosphere, like water vapor and carbon dioxide, are called greenhouse gases. The green house effect is very important and useful. If there were no greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, all of the things in this earth will be freeze. But, if the green house effect increases, the earth will be very hot.

Believe it or not, the global warming is happening right now. We can’t stop it instantly, but we can reduce the effects little by little. What are the little things we can do? First, we can save the electricity at home, at school, and at work. If we turn off light, television, and the computer when we have finished using them, we save a lot of energy. The second, we can save energy and keep healthy too, by riding a bike, or walking to school instead of using a motorbike. I am sure you can. We can! So walk more! The third is planting trees. Planting trees is a fun and great way to reduce greenhouse gases. So don’t cut down trees in your environment! The fourth is recycling. We can recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags, and newspapers. When we recycle, we can save the natural resources, like trees, oil, and metal. The fifth or the last is stop littering. Throw the garbage into the right place, into the trash can and decide it whether it is organic trash or non-organic trash.

Those are several little things that we can do to save our environment from global warming effects. Starting to remind your family, your friends, and even your teachers to do these things. Therefore, I am telling you, it is neither only the president and vice president’s job, nor the minister of environment and forestry’s job, nor my job as the environment ambassador. But, it is absolutely our job, our responsibility, together.

Since my watch says that it is time to end my talk, let me close it by delivering my sincere thanks to all of you here. And for the mistakes I made while giving my talk, I am deeply sorry.

Good morning and have a great day ahead!